Fair Rosamund's Well at Woodstock
26 February 2021 (Updated 16 May 2025)
Lady Rosamond de Clifford, also known as 'Fair Rosamund', was mistress to King Henry in the 12th Century.
A labyrinth for King Henry's lover
According to legend, when Henry married Eleanor of Aquitaine he kept his ongoing relationship with Rosamund secret, keeping her hidden from his queen at a special house he constructed for her in what is now Blenheim Park.
The house was cleverly hidden at the centre of a labyrinth, or hedge maze, similar to that which can be visited in Blenheim Palace gardens today. Due to the complexity of the maze, Queen Eleanor was unable to find her way through and discover what was at the centre.
Fair Rosamund is discovered
However, calamity struck for Henry and Fair Rosamund when the King accidentally snagged an item of his clothing while leaving the maze and unknowingly left a thin skein of silk that expose his path through the maze.
Queen Eleanor discovered this skein and following it, discovered Fair Rosamund in her house at the centre of the maze. The queen forced Rosamund to choose between death by dagger or a bowl of poison. She chose the latter.
The origin of the legend
The earliest mention of the Rosamund legend at Woodstock can be traced back to Ranulf Higden, a 13th-14th century chronicler from Chester. However, the tale was popularised when it was included in John Stow's 1580 book The Annales of England.
Stow's version includes all the key points of the legend, including Rosamund's beauty, the house within a maze, the silk thread, Rosamund's poisoning at the hands of Queen Eleanor and finally her burial at Godstow.

A painting depicting Queen Eleanor forcing poison on Rosamund Clifford, circa 1826.
The ruined foundations of a building containing a well that can still be seen on the western side of the lake at Blenheim Palace are said to be what remains of the house, variously referred to as 'Rosamund's Well', 'Rosamund's Bower' or 'Rosamund's Maze'.
An a-mazing location?
Rosamund's Well can be found today at Blenheim by crossing the bridge northwards over the lake and then immediately turning left down the steep path that runs alongside the lake. The site is overlooked by many who walk this way in the hope of seeing the grand Cedar of Lebanon that appeared in one of the Harry Potter films!
The Well is in a lovely spot overlooking the lake, but it is hard to imagine it sitting at the centre of a maze, as is described in the legend. In fact, the landscape has changed dramatically since the time of King Henry and Rosamund. In the 1760s, the grounds were completely reimagined by the famous landscape architect Capability Brown, who created the Great Lake at Blenheim by damming the River Glyme. Before this, Rosamund's Well would have been some distance from the river and in a very different setting.
Katherine Briggs mentions that until the eighteenth century 'extensive ruins of what was supposed to be Fair Rosamund's Bower remained in Woodstock' but were destroyed during the construction of Blenheim Palace.
At what point the spring became known as 'Rosamund's Well' is unclear, but it was certainly called that at least as far back as 1660 when it was mentioned in Thomas Widdows' pamphlet The just devil of Woodstock, which recounts a haunting said to have taken place during at Woodstock Manor during the civil war.
Fair Rosamund at Godstow
There is another version of the Fair Rosamund legend which may be closer to the truth. In this version after marrying Queen Eleanor, Fair Rosamund was forced to go into seclusion as a nun at Godstow Nunnery, near Wolvercote, where she died at around age 30.
Lady Rosamond's ghost is said to still haunt Godstow Nunnery and also The Trout pub in Wolvercote, another site where she and the King are supposed to have met for a romantic tryst.
Sources
- BBC Oxford Culture
- 'Haunted Britain' by Anthony D. Hippisley Coxe (ISBN:0330243284)
- Dailyinfo.co.uk
- 'The Lore of the Land' by Jennifer Westwood and Jacqueline Simpson (ISBN: 0141021039)
- 'Folklore of the Cotswolds' by Katherine M. Briggs (Batsford Books, 1974, ISBN: 0713428317)